Saccharomyces boulardii untuk Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (AAD)
A Bukti Beberapa uji klinis besar secara konsisten menunjukkan manfaat yang signifikan.Multiple meta-analyses show S. boulardii reduces AAD risk by 47-53% (RR 0.47). Most studied probiotic for AAD prevention with consistent positive results across antibiotic classes.
<\/script>\n`;
},
get iframeSnippet() {
const domain = 'gutcited.com';
const params = 'ingredient\u003Dsaccharomyces\u002Dboulardii\u0026condition\u003Dantibiotic\u002Dassociated\u002Ddiarrhea';
return ``;
},
get activeSnippet() {
return this.method === 'script' ? this.scriptSnippet : this.iframeSnippet;
},
copySnippet() {
navigator.clipboard.writeText(this.activeSnippet).then(() => {
this.copied = true;
setTimeout(() => { this.copied = false; }, 2000);
});
}
}"
@keydown.escape.window="open = false"
@click.outside="open = false">
A
Kesimpulan
Multiple meta-analyses show S. boulardii reduces AAD risk by 47-53% (RR 0.47). Most studied probiotic for AAD prevention with consistent positive results across antibiotic classes.
Key Study Findings
Observational Study
n=279
Use of Probiotics During Antibiotic Therapy in Pediatrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Italian Primary Care …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: Probiotic prescribing habits of Italian PCPs
Efek: L. rhamnosus GG used by 91.8%
None
Populasi: Italian primary care pediatricians
Review
The evidence for probiotics in the treatment of digestive disorders in the pediatric population.
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: None
Efek: None
None
Populasi: Pediatric population
Review
Intestinal Dysbiosis: Exploring Definition, Associated Symptoms, and Perspectives for a Comprehensive Understanding - a Scoping …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: None
Efek: None
None
Populasi: scoping review of intestinal dysbiosis definition, symptoms, and probiotic adjuvant therapy in adults and children
Other
Ibero-Latin American clinical practice guideline for the use of biotics in pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: Clinical guideline recommendations for pediatric GI
Efek: None
None
Populasi: Pediatric patients with GI disorders
Review
Clostridioides difficile Infections: Prevention and Treatment Strategies.
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: C. difficile infection treatment outcomes
Efek: None
None
Populasi: Patients with C. difficile infection
Randomized Controlled Trial
n=47
1 weeks
[A prospective randomized controlled study on probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants …
Dose: None
vs: Control
Outcome: Gut microbiota composition
Efek: None
P<0.017
Populasi: Children
Key Statistics
25
Studi
5000
Peserta
↑
Positive
A
Peringkat
Referenced Papers
Probiotics and antimicrobial …
2025
26 sitasi
The evidence for probiotics in the treatment of digestive disorders in the pediatric population.
Review
Journal of gastroenterology …
2025
10 sitasi
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
2025
Boletin medico del …
2025
Open forum infectious …
2024
7 sitasi
Zhongguo dang dai …
2024
5 sitasi
Advances in experimental …
2024
2 sitasi
Therapeutic advances in …
2023
97 sitasi
Overview of systematic reviews of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children.
Systematic Review
Frontiers in pharmacology
2023
20 sitasi
Cureus
2023
19 sitasi
Cureus
2023
5 sitasi
The Journal of …
2023
1 sitasi
Archivos argentinos de …
2022
23 sitasi
Diversity of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 mechanisms of action against intestinal infections.
Review
World journal of …
2019
92 sitasi
Advances in experimental …
2019
17 sitasi
Frontiers in medicine
2018
450 sitasi
Choosing an appropriate probiotic product for your patient: An evidence-based practical guide.
Systematic Review
PloS one
2018
205 sitasi
Pharmacological research
2018
132 sitasi
World journal of …
2018
52 sitasi
The American journal …
2018
46 sitasi
World journal of …
2017
68 sitasi
Journal of pediatric …
2016
233 sitasi
Clinical and experimental …
2016
82 sitasi
Open forum infectious …
2016
58 sitasi
Digestive diseases (Basel, …
2016
37 sitasi
The Cochrane database …
2015
233 sitasi
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
2015
104 sitasi
Journal of clinical …
2015
35 sitasi
Bugs and Guts: Practical Applications of Probiotics for Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children.
Review
Nutrition in clinical …
2015
31 sitasi
Nutricion hospitalaria
2015
5 sitasi
Expert opinion on …
2014
57 sitasi
MMW Fortschritte der …
2014
14 sitasi
MMW Fortschritte der …
2014
3 sitasi
The American journal …
2012
104 sitasi
Saccharomyces boulardii and antibiotic-associated diarrhea: effectiveness of prophylactic use.
Other
The American journal …
2012
5 sitasi
Medycyna wieku rozwojowego
2012
1 sitasi
Journal of clinical …
2011
432 sitasi
World journal of …
2010
512 sitasi
Journal for specialists …
2010
22 sitasi
Probiotics.
Review
American journal of …
2010
European journal of …
2009
91 sitasi
Current opinion in …
2009
82 sitasi
Advances in biochemical …
2008
535 sitasi
Journal of clinical …
2008
Probiotics.
Review
American family physician
2008
The Journal of …
2007
265 sitasi
The Cochrane database …
2007
The American journal …
2006
918 sitasi
Probiotics for pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.
Meta-Analysis
CMAJ : Canadian …
2006
197 sitasi
Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile diarrhea.
Review
Journal of clinical …
2006
112 sitasi
Medical science monitor …
2006
The American journal …
2001
648 sitasi
International journal of …
2000
181 sitasi
Clinical infectious diseases …
1998
346 sitasi
Anaerobe
1997
40 sitasi
Gastroenterology
1989
418 sitasi
Dosage & Usage
mg = milligrams · mcg = micrograms (1,000× smaller) · IU = International Units
Dosis yang Umum Digunakan
- general:
- 250-500 mg/day (equivalent to 5-10 billion CFU)
- aadprevention:
- 500 mg/day (start with antibiotic, continue 7 days after)
- cdiffprevention:
- 500 mg twice daily as adjunct to standard therapy
- travelersdiarrhea:
- 250-500 mg/day starting 5 days before travel
Batas atas: Well-tolerated up to 1,000 mg/day in clinical trials
Dosis yang Diteliti dalam Penelitian
| Dosis | Durasi | Efek | N |
|---|---|---|---|
| None | -- | Mixed | 279 |
| None | -- | Mixed | -- |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| None | 1 weeks | Positive | 47 |
| None | 20 weeks | Positive | 564 |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
Waktu terbaik diminum: Can be taken with or without food; space 2 hours from antifungals
Safety & Side Effects
Efek Samping yang Dilaporkan
- ⚠ Mild gas and bloating
- ⚠ Rare: fungemia in critically ill patients with central venous catheters
- ⚠ Thirst (yeast may increase water requirements)
- ⚠ Very rare: potential environmental contamination risk in ICU settings
Interaksi yang Diketahui
- ● Antifungal medications (may kill S. boulardii, reducing effectiveness)
- ● Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (S. boulardii contains tyramine)
- ● Immunosuppressants (theoretical risk of fungemia in immunocompromised patients)
Asupan atas yang dapat ditoleransi: Well-tolerated up to 1,000 mg/day in clinical trials
Selalu konsultasikan dengan tenaga kesehatan Anda sebelum memulai suplemen apa pun.Selalu konsultasikan dengan penyedia layanan kesehatan Anda sebelum memulai suplemen apa pun.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Saccharomyces boulardii help with Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (AAD)?
Based on 25 studies with 5,000 participants, there is strong evidence from multiple clinical trials that Saccharomyces boulardii may support Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (AAD) management. Our evidence grade is A (Strong Evidence).
How much Saccharomyces boulardii should I take for Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (AAD)?
Studies have used various dosages. A commonly studied range is 250-500 mg/day (equivalent to 5-10 billion CFU). Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.
Are there side effects of Saccharomyces boulardii?
Reported side effects may include Mild gas and bloating, Rare: fungemia in critically ill patients with central venous catheters, Thirst (yeast may increase water requirements), Very rare: potential environmental contamination risk in ICU settings. Most side effects are mild and dose-dependent. Consult your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.
How strong is the evidence for Saccharomyces boulardii and Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (AAD)?
We rate the evidence as Grade A (Strong Evidence). This rating is based on 25 peer-reviewed studies with 5,000 total participants. The overall direction of effect is positive.
Related Evidence
Bahan lain untuk Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (AAD)
Saccharomyces boulardii untuk kondisi lain
References
- [1] Ailim Margarita Carías Domínguez et al.. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025. Intestinal Dysbiosis: Exploring Definition, Associated Symptoms, and Perspectives for a Comprehensive Understanding - a Scoping Review. doi:10.1007/s12602-024-10353-w PubMed
- [2] Kok-Ann Gwee et al.. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025. The evidence for probiotics in the treatment of digestive disorders in the pediatric population. doi:10.1111/jgh.16809 PubMed
- [3] Giacomo Biasucci et al.. Antibiotics (Basel). 2025. Use of Probiotics During Antibiotic Therapy in Pediatrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Italian Primary Care Pediatricians. doi:10.3390/antibiotics14060577 PubMed
- [4] Sylvia Cruchet et al.. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2025. Ibero-Latin American clinical practice guideline for the use of biotics in pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition: probiotics chapter. doi:10.24875/BMHIM.M25000043 PubMed
- [5] Vladimir Hodzhev et al.. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2024. High-dose Probiotic Mix of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Bacillus coagulans, and Saccharomyces boulardii to Prevent Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea in Adults: A … doi:10.1093/ofid/ofae615 PubMed
- [6] Su-Wei Zhang et al.. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2024. [A prospective randomized controlled study on probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants and young children]. doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2401129 PubMed
- [7] Elvira Ingrid Levy et al.. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024. Clostridioides difficile Infections: Prevention and Treatment Strategies. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-58572-2_11 PubMed
- [8] Dhanasekhar Kesavelu et al.. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2023. Current understanding of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis and approaches for its management. doi:10.1177/20499361231154443 PubMed
- [9] Qingrui Yang et al.. Front Pharmacol. 2023. Overview of systematic reviews of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1153070 PubMed
- [10] Sarath Gopalan et al.. Cureus. 2023. Unique Properties of Yeast Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745: A Narrative Review. doi:10.7759/cureus.46314 PubMed
- [11] Nyier W Doar et al.. Cureus. 2023. Qualitative Analysis of the Efficacy of Probiotic Strains in the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea. doi:10.7759/cureus.40261 PubMed
- [12] Amarender S Puri. J Assoc Physicians India. 2023. The Role of Yeast Probiotics in Gastrointestinal Conditions: An Overview. doi:10.5005/japi-11001-0235 PubMed
- [13] Christian Boggio Marzet et al.. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2022. Approach to probiotics in pediatrics: the role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. doi:10.5546/aap.2022.eng.e1 PubMed
- [14] Dorota Czerucka et al.. World J Gastroenterol. 2019. Diversity of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 mechanisms of action against intestinal infections. doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i18.2188 PubMed
- [15] Meltem Dinleyici et al.. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019. Clostridium difficile Colitis Prevention and Treatment. doi:10.1007/5584_2018_322 PubMed
- [16] Lynne V McFarland et al.. Front Med (Lausanne). 2018. Strain-Specificity and Disease-Specificity of Probiotic Efficacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00124 PubMed
- [17] Jason C Sniffen et al.. PLoS One. 2018. Choosing an appropriate probiotic product for your patient: An evidence-based practical guide. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209205 PubMed
- [18] Cecilia Mantegazza et al.. Pharmacol Res. 2018. Probiotics and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: A review and new evidence on Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during and after antibiotic treatment. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.08.001 PubMed
- [19] Jie Chen et al.. World J Pediatr. 2018. Chinese clinical practice guidelines for acute infectious diarrhea in children. doi:10.1007/s12519-018-0190-2 PubMed
- [20] Ronald L Koretz. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018. Probiotics in Gastroenterology: How Pro Is the Evidence in Adults? doi:10.1038/s41395-018-0138-0 PubMed
- [21] Donald Cameron et al.. World J Gastroenterol. 2017. Probiotics for gastrointestinal disorders: Proposed recommendations for children of the Asia-Pacific region. doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i45.7952 PubMed
- [22] Hania Szajewska et al.. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016. Probiotics for the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children. doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000001081 PubMed
- [23] Heike Stier et al.. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2016. Influence of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745on the gut-associated immune system. doi:10.2147/CEG.S111003 PubMed
- [24] Stephan Ehrhardt et al.. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016. Saccharomyces boulardii to Prevent Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Trial. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofw011 PubMed
- [25] Hania Szajewska et al.. Dig Dis. 2016. Probiotic Bacterial and Fungal Strains: Claims with Evidence. doi:10.1159/000443359 PubMed
- [26] Joshua Z Goldenberg et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004827.pub4 PubMed
- [27] Lynne V McFarland. Antibiotics (Basel). 2015. Probiotics for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of C. difficile Infections: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. doi:10.3390/antibiotics4020160 PubMed
- [28] Alfredo Guarino et al.. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015. Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Diarrhea. doi:10.1097/MCG.0000000000000349 PubMed
- [29] Danielle Barnes et al.. Nutr Clin Pract. 2015. Bugs and Guts: Practical Applications of Probiotics for Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children. doi:10.1177/0884533615610081 PubMed
- [30] Carlos Pérez. Nutr Hosp. 2015. [Probiotics for the treating acute diarrhea and preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children]. doi:10.3305/nh.2015.31.sup1.8709 PubMed
- [31] Ener Cagri Dinleyici et al.. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2014. Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in different clinical conditions. doi:10.1517/14712598.2014.937419 PubMed
- [32] George Micklefield. MMW Fortschr Med. 2014. [Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment and prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea]. PubMed
- [33] G Micklefield. MMW Fortschr Med. 2014. [Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment and prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea]. PubMed
- [34] Pietro Pozzoni et al.. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012. Saccharomyces boulardii for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in adult hospitalized patients: a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. doi:10.1038/ajg.2012.56 PubMed
- [35] Maria Assunta Zocco et al.. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012. Saccharomyces boulardii and antibiotic-associated diarrhea: effectiveness of prophylactic use. doi:10.1038/ajg.2012.222 PubMed
- [36] Ewa Kamińska. Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2012. [Effectiveness and safety of probiotics in children on the basis of clinical trials]. PubMed
- [37] Stefano Guandalini. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2011. Probiotics for prevention and treatment of diarrhea. doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e3182257e98 PubMed
- [38] Lynne V McFarland. World J Gastroenterol. 2010. Systematic review and meta-analysis of Saccharomyces boulardii in adult patients. doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i18.2202 PubMed
- [39] Kathleen Jones. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2010. Probiotics: preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6155.2010.00231.x PubMed
- [40] Nancy Toedter Williams. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2010. Probiotics. doi:10.2146/ajhp090168 PubMed
- [41] Yvan Vandenplas et al.. Eur J Pediatr. 2009. Saccharomyces boulardii in childhood. doi:10.1007/s00431-008-0879-7 PubMed
- [42] Alfredo Guarino et al.. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2009. Probiotics as prevention and treatment for diarrhea. doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32831b4455 PubMed
- [43] Michael de Vrese et al.. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2008. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. doi:10.1007/10_2008_097 PubMed
- [44] Shira Idit Doron et al.. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2008. Probiotics for prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181618ab7 PubMed
- [45] Benjamin Kligler et al.. Am Fam Physician. 2008. Probiotics. PubMed
- [46] Michael de Vrese et al.. J Nutr. 2007. Probiotics and prebiotics: effects on diarrhea. doi:10.1093/jn/137.3.803S PubMed
- [47] B C Johnston et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004827.pub2 PubMed
- [48] Lynne V McFarland. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006. Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00465.x PubMed
- [49] Bradley C Johnston et al.. CMAJ. 2006. Probiotics for pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. doi:10.1503/cmaj.051603 PubMed
- [50] Jeffry A Katz. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006. Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile diarrhea. doi:10.1097/00004836-200603000-00017 PubMed
- [51] Mehmet Can et al.. Med Sci Monit. 2006. Prophylactic Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a prospective study. PubMed
- [52] P R Marteau et al.. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001. Protection from gastrointestinal diseases with the use of probiotics. doi:10.1093/ajcn/73.2.430s PubMed
- [53] E Bergogne-Bérézin. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2000. Treatment and prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea. doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00293-4 PubMed
- [54] C Högenauer et al.. Clin Infect Dis. 1998. Mechanisms and management of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. doi:10.1086/514958 PubMed
- [55] L V McFarland et al.. Anaerobe. 1997. Pharmaceutical probiotics for the treatment of anaerobic and other infections. doi:10.1006/anae.1996.0062 PubMed
- [56] C M Surawicz et al.. Gastroenterology. 1989. Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea by Saccharomyces boulardii: a prospective study. doi:10.1016/0016-5085(89)91613-2 PubMed
Penafian FDA: Pernyataan-pernyataan ini belum dievaluasi oleh Food and Drug Administration. Produk dan informasi di situs web ini tidak dimaksudkan untuk mendiagnosis, mengobati, menyembuhkan, atau mencegah penyakit apa pun. Peringkat bukti yang disajikan didasarkan pada analisis kami terhadap penelitian yang ditinjau sejawat dan tidak merupakan saran medis. Selalu konsultasikan dengan penyedia layanan kesehatan Anda sebelum memulai regimen suplemen apa pun.