Figure 8

![Figure 8: Conceptual model summarizing how mucosal metabolites elevated in Crohn's disease fuel the growth and virulence of adherent-invasive E. coli. In healthy gut, metabolite levels are balanced, while in IBD, enriched metabolites promote pathogenic bacterial expansion.]()

> Source: Shiying Zhang et al. "Mucosal metabolites fuel the growth and virulence of E. coli linked to Crohn's d." *JCI insight*, 2022. PMID: [35413017](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35413017/)

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  <img src="" alt="Conceptual model summarizing how mucosal metabolites elevated in Crohn's disease fuel the growth and virulence of adherent-invasive E. coli. In healthy gut, metabolite levels are balanced, while in IBD, enriched metabolites promote pathogenic bacterial expansion." />
  <figcaption>Figure 8. Conceptual model summarizing how mucosal metabolites elevated in Crohn's disease fuel the growth and virulence of adherent-invasive E. coli. In healthy gut, metabolite levels are balanced, while in IBD, enriched metabolites promote pathogenic bacterial expansion.<br>  Source: Shiying Zhang et al. "Mucosal metabolites fuel the growth and virulence of E. coli linked to Crohn's d." <em>JCI insight</em>, 2022. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35413017/">35413017</a></figcaption>
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