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Alpha and beta diversity metrics reveal shifts in gut microbial community structure following probiotic intervention. This figure compares microbiome diversity indices between C. butyricum-treated and control groups.
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Figure 5
Histological analysis of colonic tissue reveals the extent of inflammatory infiltration and mucosal damage. This figure compares histopathological scores across treatment groups in the acute experimental colitis model.
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Figure 6
Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in colonic tissue were quantified to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of C. butyricum treatment. This figure presents TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta expression data across experimental groups.
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Figure 7
Tight junction protein expression indicates intestinal barrier integrity. This figure shows changes in occludin, claudin, and ZO-1 levels in colonic tissue following C. butyricum or vesicle treatment.
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Figure 8
Gut microbiome composition was analyzed to determine how C. butyricum treatment modulates the intestinal microbial community. This figure presents 16S rRNA sequencing data showing microbial diversity and taxonomic abundance.
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Figure 10
Specific bacterial taxa were differentially abundant in C. butyricum-treated mice compared to controls. This figure highlights the key microbial shifts associated with amelioration of colitis symptoms.
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Figure 11
Short-chain fatty acid production in the gut is modulated by C. butyricum colonization. This figure presents metabolomic data on butyrate and other SCFA concentrations in the colonic lumen.
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Clostridium butyricum and Its Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Gut Homeostasis and Ameliorate Acute Experimental Colitis.Cite This Figure
 > Source: Lingyan Ma et al. "Clostridium butyricum and Its Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Gut Homeos." *Microbiology spectrum*, 2022. PMID: [35762770](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35762770/)
<figure> <img src="https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/35762770/171.png" alt="Alpha and beta diversity metrics reveal shifts in gut microbial community structure following probiotic intervention. This figure compares microbiome diversity indices between C. butyricum-treated and control groups." /> <figcaption>Figure 9. Alpha and beta diversity metrics reveal shifts in gut microbial community structure following probiotic intervention. This figure compares microbiome diversity indices between C. butyricum-treated and control groups.<br> Source: Lingyan Ma et al. "Clostridium butyricum and Its Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Gut Homeos." <em>Microbiology spectrum</em>, 2022. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35762770/">35762770</a></figcaption> </figure>